古詩詞大全網 - 成語經典 - 初二下學期的英語筆記(人教版)

初二下學期的英語筆記(人教版)

重點句型和短語

壹、 have fun doing sth.

句型介紹 意為\"做某事有樂趣\",其中have fun 相當於enjoy oneself,表示過得愉快。

1. 英語中的集體名詞,如family, class, team等作主語時,若作為壹個整體看,其後的謂語動詞用單數;若強調其組成成員,謂語動詞用復數。如:

My family is a happy one. 我家是個幸福的家庭。

My family are all watching TV. 我們全家人都在看電視。

2. 在比較級中,要註意than後面人稱代詞的格。

1)當句子中的謂語動詞是不及物動詞時,than後面的代詞用主格還是賓格,在意思上通常沒有區別。如:

He runs faster than I / me. 他跑得比我快。

They get to school earlier than we / us every day. 他們每天都比我們到校早。

2)當句中的謂語動詞是及物動詞時,than後面的人稱代詞用主格還是賓格在意思上就有差別了。試比較:

I like you more than he. (=I like you more than he likes you.) 我比他更喜歡妳。

I like you more than him. (=I like you more than I like him.) 妳和他相比,我更喜歡妳。

3. 不定式作定語時,應放在被修飾詞的後面,壹般指壹個還沒有發生的動作。如:

Do you have anything to say about this? 有關這件事妳有沒有什麽要說的?

4. 在比較句型中,than後面的謂語動詞常常省略。也可以用相應的助動詞來代替與前面相同的謂語動詞,以避免重復。如:

Tom does better at the lessons than I (do). 湯姆功課比我好。

She ate less than I (did) for breakfast. 她早飯吃得比我少。

5. You\'d better ... 是You had better ... 的縮寫形式。 had better 為固定短語,意為\"最好......\",後接動詞原形,常用來提出建議或勸告,其否定形式是\"had better not + 動詞原形\"。如:

You\'d better not stay there too long. 妳最好別在那裏呆得太久。

We had fun playing computer games. 我們玩電腦遊戲很愉快。

句式比較 have a good / nice / wonderful time doing sth. 做某事有樂趣

Did you have a good / nice / wonderful time visiting that country? 訪問那個國家妳們快樂嗎?

特別提醒 句中fun為不可數名詞,表樂趣,前面不能加不定冠詞。

二、 But I don\'t know what to do.

句型介紹 疑問詞 + 不定式可作主語、賓語或表語。

I don\'t know how to get her help. 我不知道怎樣才能得到她的幫助。

Where to buy this kind of seed is unknown to me. 我不知道去哪兒購買這種種子。

My question is when to leave for Tokyo. 我的問題是什麽時候去東京。

句式比較 疑問詞 + 不定式可轉換成連詞(原疑問詞)引導的主語從句、賓語從句和表語從句。

I don\'t know where we can find her. 我不知道在哪兒能找到她。

How she will go there is still a secret. 她怎麽去那裏還是壹個謎。

Her question is how she can pass the exam. 她的問題是她怎樣才能通過這次考試。

特別提醒 疑問詞 + 不定式轉換成賓語從句時應用陳述語序。

三、 This is ... speaking.

句型介紹 該句為打電話用語,用來進行自我介紹,This代表我,speaking可以省去。

Hello! This is Tom (speaking). 妳好,我是湯姆。

句式比較 Who is that (speaking)? 妳是誰?that用來詢問對方是誰,speaking可以省去。 Is that ... (speaking)? 妳是......嗎?that也用來詢問對方是誰, speaking也可以省去。

This is Mary (speaking). Who is that (speaking)? 我是瑪麗,妳是誰?

Is that Jane (speaking)? 妳是詹妮嗎?

特別提醒 this不能換成I, that不能換成you。

四、 hear sb. / sth. doing

句型介紹 意為\"聽見某人 / 物正在做......\",句中doing為現在分詞作賓語補足語,表示動作正在進行,強調壹個過程。

Just then I heard someone crying \"Help! Help!\" 就在那時,我聽見有人在喊\"救命啊!救命!\"

句式比較 hear sb. / sth. do sth. 聽見某人 / 物做某事,句中do為不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語,表動作已經結束,強調壹個結果。

I heard him sing three songs. 我聽見他唱了三首歌。

hear sb. / sth. done聽見某人 / 物被......,done為動詞的過去分詞作賓語補足語,強調被動。

Do you often hear this song sung by him? 妳經常聽見他唱這首歌嗎?

特別提醒 在這些句型中的hear可換成see, feel, watch等感官動詞。

初二1-7單元重點短語

作者:王宣玲

壹、 名詞短語

a waste of time 浪費(白費)時間

field trip 野外旅遊

the day after tomorrow後天

Terra Cotta Warriors 兵馬俑

Thanksgiving Day 感恩節

on Mid-autumn Day / Festival 在中秋節

二、 動詞短語

go fishing 去釣魚

go boating 去劃船

go hiking 去徒步旅行

go on a picnic 去野餐

trip over (被......)絆倒

hurry up 趕快

get home 回家

get together 相聚

agree with ... 同意......意見(想法);符合

ask for 請求;詢問

come up 走近;發生;上來;流行

come over 過來;抓住

三、 介、副詞短語

in the open air 在戶外;在野外

on time 準時

at the front / back of 在前 / 後面

in front of 在......前面

in the country 在鄉下

in town 在城裏

on the left /right side 在左 / 右邊

up and down 上上下下;來來回回

四、 其它短語

(not) ... any more再也不;不能再......

all the same 仍然; 還是

had better (do) 最好(做......)

八年級8-14單元重點句型

作者:郝昌明

壹、I\'m sorry to hear that.

[句型介紹] 該句是對所聽說的不幸事件的回答用語,含義為\"真遺憾;聽到那件事我很難過\"。

-I didn\'t pass the exam. 我沒通過這次考試。

-I\'m sorry to hear that. 真遺憾。

-My grandfather died yesterday. 我的祖父昨天去世了。

-I\'m sorry to hear that. 我很難過。

[知識拓展] 1. I\'m glad to hear that. 我真高興聽到那事。

-I have managed to buy a ticket for tonight\'s film. 我設法買到了今晚的電影票。

-I\'m (very) glad to hear that. 真替妳高興。

2. Congratulations. 恭喜妳。

-I\'ve just married a beautiful girl. 我剛剛娶了壹位漂亮姑娘。

-Congratulations. 恭喜妳。

二、be good for

[句型介紹] 意為\"有益於......\", for後面接名詞。

Is swimming good for your health?遊泳有益於妳的身體健康嗎?

I think timely rain is good for the crops. 我認為適時地下雨對莊稼生長有好處。

[知識拓展] be good to 對......友好;be good at 擅長......

She is always good to me. 她對我壹直很友好。

She is good at singing popular songs. 她擅長唱流行歌曲。

三、ask sb. for sth.

[句型介紹] 意為\"向某人要某物\",sb.與sth.位置不得顛倒。

Can I ask you for help?妳能幫幫我嗎?

To tell you the truth, when I have trouble, I always ask her for advice. 跟妳說老實話,每當我有麻煩時總向她征求意見。

[知識拓展] ask for sth. 要求得到某物;ask for sb.要求見某人

Yesterday he asked me for money. 昨天他向我要錢。

Did anybody ask for me during my absence?我不在的時候有人找過我嗎?

四、be born in

[句型介紹] 意為\"出生於\",後接地點狀語或時間狀語。

He was born in a small town in 1995. 1995年他出生於壹個小鎮上。

In which city was he born in 1988?1988年他出生在哪壹個城市?

[知識拓展] be born of出生於......家庭

It is said that he was born of a teacher\'s family. 據說他出生於教師的家庭。

五、good luck with sth.

[句型介紹] 祝賀用語,with後面接事物名詞。

Good luck with your exam. 祝妳考試好運。

Good luck with your journey. 祝妳旅途順利。

[知識拓展] good luck to sb. 祝......好運

Good luck to you. 祝妳好運。

六、get married to

[句型介紹] 意為\"和......結婚\",強調動作,若不接賓語,應省to。

She got married to a foreigner last year. 去年她和壹個老外結了婚。

Did she get married last year?她是去年結婚的嗎?

[知識拓展] be married to \"和......結婚\",強調狀態。

She was married to Li Ping. 她嫁給了李平。

值得註意的是,get married to屬終止性動詞短語,不可和表示時間段的狀語連用,但be married to卻可以,因為它是持續性動詞短語。

七、Would you like to ... ?

[句型介紹] 該句用來提出請求,含義為\"妳願意......嗎\",to後面接動詞原形。

Would you like to give me some help?妳願意給我提供壹些幫助嗎?

Would you like to repair this bike for me?妳願意為我修這輛自行車嗎?

[知識拓展] Will / Would you please ...?please後面應接動詞原形,含義為\"妳願意......嗎\"。

Will you please water these flowers?請妳給這些花澆水,好嗎?

Would you please give me some money?妳給我點兒錢,好嗎?

八、Thanks a lot for ...

[句型介紹] 該句為感謝用語,含義為\"非常感謝......\",也可說成Thank you very much for ..., for為介詞,後面可接名詞、代詞、動名詞。

Thanks a lot for your kind help.感謝您友好的幫助。

Thank you very much for coming to see me.感謝妳來看我。

[知識拓展] be thankful to sb. for sth.因某事對某人感激

I\'m thankful to you for your kindness.感謝您的好意。

九、last from ... to ...

[句型介紹] 意為\"從......持續到......\",from和to後面均應接時間名詞。

Our sports meeting will last from Friday to Sunday. 我們的運動會將從星期五持續到星期日。

Their summer camp will last from October 1st to November 1st. 他們的夏令營將從10月1日持續到11月1日。

[知識拓展] go on to ... 延續到......

1、 Feel well/bad

2、 Wake up (somebody)—fall asleep

3、 As soon as

4、 Be busy doing/with something

5、 Stop doing/to do/somebody from doing

6、 Go down

7、 Have something to do

8、 Sleeping pills

9、 Be awake—be asleep

10、 Light music

11、 In the band

12、 Try something/doing something

13、 Try to do something

14、 A piece of music

15、 Again and again

16、 系動詞:be/sound look seem smell taste feel/get turn become

17、 Look nice on

18、 Be/keep quiet

19、 Instead of something/doing

20、 Make trouble

21、 enough+名詞/形容詞或副詞+enough

22、 Be thin/fat

23、 Nothing much wrong/nothing serious

24、 Look over

25、 At the weekend

26、 have been to+地點

27、 Land on

28、 Pull something out of/up from

29、 Keep something cool

30、 All by oneself=alone

31、 Perhaps=maybe

32、 No longer=no more=not any longer=not any more

33、 Get back/get something back

34、 Sooner or later

35、 Drop something

36、 Run after

37、 Run away

38、 Eat up

39、 On the bank

40、 A few--few

41、 A little--little

42、 A little=a bit

43、 Pass something to somebody=pass somebody something

44、 Help oneself to

45、 Hot food

46、 Seem to do/that

47、 Fast food

48、 Be popular with

49、 Enjoy/enjoy oneself

50、 Enjoy something/doing

51、 Have a taste/taste like

52、 In the city of

53、 Both of/both And B

54、 Either or/either of

55、 Neither nor/neither of

56、 Agree with/to

57、 With—with out

58、 Take away—home cooking

59、 Take a seat

60、 By the window

61、 Take one’s order

62、 Go/walk alone/up/down

63、 Go on

64、 Cross=go across

65、 Take the first crossing on the right=turn right at the first crossing

66、 At/in the corner

67、 Be sick/ill

68、 In hospital

69、 In the hospital

70、 Arrive at/in / get to / reach

71、 At the end of

72、 Feel like doing

73、 Look over

74、 Wake somebody up

75、 It takes somebody + time + to do

76、 Be wake—be strong

77、 Quite a long way

78、 Had better do/not do

79、 Be happy/sorry/sad to do

80、 Look around

81、 情態動詞:can/can’t/may/must/mustn’t/have to

82、 Be sure about/of/to do/that

83、 In time/on time

84、 Make one’s way to

85、 The sign of

86、 Just then/just now

87、 Make a noise

88、 Stand a line

89、 Wait for one’s turn

90、 Stop doing/to do

91、 Jump the queue

92、 At the head of

93、 Laugh at

94、 Make a mistake

95、 Throw something about

96、 In fact

97、 At midnight

98、 Ring the door bell

99、 Complain about

100、 Quarrel with somebody

101、 Agree with somebody\\something

102、 Agree with something

103、 No longer (在句子中間)

104、 No more (在句子尾部)

105、 Not too bad

106、 Not at all

107、 在……時間之後 after (過去時)\\in (現在時)

108、 Wake somebody up

109、 Stop somebody from doing

110、 Spend on something

111、 Spend in doing

112、 So +助+主(做相同的事情)

113、 So+主+助(同意前者的說法)

參考資料:

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1. Subject (主語) + Verb (謂語)

這種句型中的動詞大多是不及物動詞,這些動詞常見的有:appear, apologize,arrive, come, die, disappear, exist, fall, happen, rise,等等。如:

The students work very hard.學生們學習很努力。

She apologized to me again. 她再次向我道歉。

The accident happened yesterday evening.事故是昨天晚上發生的。

2. Subject (主語) + Link. V(系動詞) + Predicate(表語)

這種句型中的系動詞壹般可分為下列兩類:

(1)表示狀態的連系動詞。這些詞有:be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, keep, remain, 等等。如:

Several players lay flat on the playground.幾個隊員平躺在操場上。

We should remain modest and prudent any time.我們在任何時候都應該保持謙虛謹慎。

This kind of food tastes terrible.這種食物吃起來很糟糕。

The picture looks more beautiful at a certain distance.這幅畫在壹定的距離看更漂亮壹些。

(2)表示轉變或結果的系動詞。這些詞有:become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove,等等。如:

Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了,天氣變得越來越暖和。

Don't have the food. It has gone bad.不要吃那種食物,已經變質了。

The facts prove true.事實證明是正確的。

3. Subject(主語) + Verb (謂語) + Object (賓語)

這種句型中的動詞應為及物動詞或者可以後接賓語的動詞短語。同時,句子中有時含有與賓語有關的狀語。作賓語的成分常是:名詞、代詞、動詞不定式、動名詞或從句。如:

You can put the books in your bag.妳可以把書放在書包裏。

Farmers in our area grow lots of vegetables.我們這裏的農民種很多種蔬菜。

She lost the chance to make her appearance on the stage.她失去了在舞臺上露面的機會。

I prefer to make web pages.我更喜歡做網頁。

4. Subject(主語)+Verb(謂語)+ Indirect object(間接賓語)+Direct object (直接賓語)

這種句型中作間接賓語的常常指“人”,直接賓語常常指“物”。如:

Yesterday her father bought her a bicycle as a birthday present.昨天她父親給她買了壹輛自行車作為生日禮物。

The old man is telling the children stories in the Long March.老人正在給孩子們講長征中的故事。

這種句型還可轉換為其他兩種句型:1)動詞 + 賓語 + for sb.; 2)動詞 + 賓語+to sb.。如:

Please show me your picture.

-Please show your picture to me.

請把妳的畫給我看壹下。

I'll offer you a good chance as long as you don?t lose heart.

—I'll offer a good chance for you as long as you don't lose heart.

只要妳不失去信心,我會給妳提供機會的。

5. Subject(主語)+Verb (動詞)+Object (賓語)+Complement(補語)

這種句型中的賓語+ 補語可統稱為“復合賓語”。擔任補語的常常是名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、分詞、動詞不定式等。如:

Keep the children quiet, please. 請讓孩子們安靜下來。

He painted the wall white. 他把墻漆成白色。

We found him an honest person.我們發現他是壹個誠實的人。

His mother told him not to play on the street.他母親告訴他不要在街上玩。

註意:動詞have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, observe, watch等後面所接的動詞不定式作賓補時,不帶to。如:

The boss made him do the work all day.老板讓他整天做那項工作。

新目標英語八年級上筆記

Review of Unit 1-6

I. language goals (語言目標)

1. Talk about how often you do things 談論做事情的頻率。

2. Talk about your health. Make suggestions.

談論健康話題以及提出建議。

3. Talk about future plans.

談論未來的計劃/打算。

4. Talk about how to get to places.

談論到達某地的方式。

5. Learn to make invitations, say yes to invitations and say no to invitations and give reasons.

學會發出,接受和拒絕邀請並說出原因。

6. Learn to talk about personal traits and how to compare people.

學會談論個人品質以及如何比較人們。

II. Key Phrases (重點短語):

1. how often 多長時間壹次

2. junk food 垃圾食品

3. a lot of 許多

4. hardly ever 很少

5. start with 以…開始

6. try to do sth. 試著去做某事

7. look after 照料

8. be kind of unhealthy 有點不健康

9. once a day 壹天壹次

10. twice a month 壹個月兩次

11. be good for 對…有好處

12. once in a while 偶爾

13. see a doctor / dentist 看病/看牙醫

14. get a cold / fever 感冒/發燒

15. have a stomachache 肚子疼

16. have a toothache 牙疼

17. have a sore throat 嗓子疼

18. lie down and rest 躺下休息

19. drink hot tea with honey 喝加蜂蜜的熱茶

20. be stressed out 緊張

21. listen to … 聽…

22. get tired 變的疲勞

23. keep healthy 保持健康

24. at the moment 此刻;目前

25. watch TV 看電視

26. play basketball 打籃球

27. babysit her sister 照看她的妹妹

28. visit my friend 拜訪我的朋友

29. relax at home 在家放松

30. sports camp 運動野營

31. something interesting

32. go hiking / camping / fishing / shopping / sightseeing

去徒步旅行/野營/釣魚/購物/觀光

33. go away 離開

34. get back to school 返回學校

35. stay for a week 呆壹個星期

36. go bike riding 騎自行車兜風

37. takes walks 散步

38. rent videos 租錄像帶

39. sleep a lot 睡得多

40. think about 考慮

41. take the subway / bus / boat / plane

乘地鐵/公***車/小船/飛機

42. get to 到達

43. go by bus / plane / boat 乘公***車/飛機/小船

44. train / subway / bus station 火車/地鐵/公***車站

45. bus ride 乘公***車的旅行

46. ride a bike 騎自行車

47. bus stop 公***汽車站

48. on foot 步行

49. leave for 離開去…

50. school bus 學校班車

51. the early bus 早班車

52. be different from 與…不同

53. half past six 六點半

54. in North America 在北美洲

55. a quick breakfast 快捷的早餐

56. need to do 需要做…

57. more than 多於

58. play soccer 踢足球

59. baseball game 棒球比賽

60. school team 校隊

61. come over to 過來到…

62. the day after tomorrow 後天

63. be good at 擅長於…

64. two years ago 兩年前

65. be outgoing 外向的

66. all the time 壹直

67. in some ways 在壹些方面

68. look the same 看起來壹樣

69. talk to everyone 與大家談話

70. make me laugh 使我笑

III. Key Sentence Structures 重要句型:

Unit 1:

1. -What do you usually do on weekends?

-I usually go to the movies.

2. -What does he sometimes do on weekends?

-He sometimes surfs the Internet.

3. How often do you exercise?

I exercise once a week.

4. How often does she eat vegetables?

She eats vegetables three times a day.

5. Most of the students go to the beach every year.

6. It makes a big difference to my grades.

7. My eating habits are pretty good.

Unit 2:

1. What’s the matter?

What’s wrong?

What’s the trouble?

2. I’m not feeling well. I have a cold / fever/ stomachache / sore throat.

/I have a lot of headaches.

3. Maybe you should see the doctor / dentist.

You should drink some hot tea with honey.

4. You shouldn’t eat anything for 24 hours.

5. Don’t get stressed out. It will make you sick.

6. I’m sorry to hear that you are not feeling well.

Unit 3

1. -What is she doing for vacation?

-She is babysitting her little sister.

-That sounds nice / interesting.

2. -When are you going?

-I’m going on Monday.

3. -Where are they going?

-They are going to Tibet.

4. -Who is she going with?

-She is going with her parents.

5. -How long is he staying.

-He is staying for a week.

6. -How is the weather there?

-I’m hoping the weather will be nice.

7. He is leaving for Hong Kong the first week in June.

8. Have a good time.

Unit 4:

1. -How do you get to school?

-I get to school by bus.

2. -How does he go to work?

-He usually walks to school.

3. -How long does it take?

-It takes about twenty minutes.

4. -How far is it from his home to school?

-It’s three miles.

5. What do you think of the transportation in your town?

Unit 5:

1. -Can you come to my party on Wednesday?

-Sure, I’d love to. / I’m sorry, I have to have a piano lesson.

2. -Can she go to the movies on Saturday?

-No, she can’t. She has to help her mom.

3. -Can you go to the concert on Monday?