古詩詞大全網 - 成語查詢 - disposition和dispose的dis前綴分別啥意思

disposition和dispose的dis前綴分別啥意思

反對, 否定, 加強語氣的重要詞首, 除去

作為否定意義

disable 使喪失能力 , He was disabled in the accident.

disabled 殘疾的,喪失能力的

disadvantage 不利條件, advantages and disadvantages 利害得失

disagree 不同意, Let's agree to disagree.讓我們各自保留自己的意見吧。(disagree + with)

disappear 從視線中消失,Gradually the heavy footsteps died away. 聲音消失(die away)

disappoint 失望, His hopes have been repeatedly disappionted.他的希望壹再落空。He was disappointed, but didn't despair.他失望,但未絕望。

disarm 解除武裝,裁軍

disaster (dis + aster),aster詞根star,原義“星位不正,災星”,災難,徹底失敗。

disastrous 災難性的,很糟的。

discharge (dis否定 + charge 裝載),卸貨,排出,解雇。A chimney discharges smoke。煙囪冒煙。

disclose (dis否定 + close封閉)揭露,disclose the truth/secret 透露真相,泄露秘密。

discount (dis 不 + count 算——不算)打折,He bought the house at a 10% discount。他以九折的價錢買了這房子。

discourage (dis 失去 + courage 勇氣),使失去勇氣,使泄氣,勸阻————反義encourage

discover (dis 否定 + cover 覆蓋),發現。——掀起妳的蓋頭來,讓我看看妳的臉。——千呼萬喚始出來,猶抱琵琶半遮面。

disease (dis 不 + ease 舒服——easy)疾病,不健全。 My brother is often absent from work because of illness. He contracted a disease during the war and has recurrent attacks.我弟弟因患病而缺勤,他在戰爭中染上了壹種病,並經常復發。

disinterested (dis 不 + interested 利益相關的,有私心的)公正無私的,與 uninterested(沒興趣的)相區別,the disinterested assistance 無私的援助,A judge should be disinterested in a case he is trying. 法官在審理案件上應該不偏不倚。

dislike 不喜歡, I don't think I've seen anything I dislike more. 我最不喜歡的莫過於此事。

dismount(dis 否定 + mount 山),下馬,下車,取下,卸下。

disorder(dis=not + order 順序),騷亂,失調,病。My stomach is out of order。我胃有毛病————a stomach disorder 胃病。

dispense (dis 不 + spense 花費),動詞,節省,不必需——反義詞expense 花費(名詞)———indispensable(in 不 + dis 不 + spense 花費 + albe 可...的)——不可不花費的——必須的,必不可少的。Air, food and water are indispensable。

display (dis 否定 + play=ply 折疊)展開,陳列,I have a large display of samples to show you. 我有大批樣品給妳看。on display = on exhibition 在展覽中

disregard(dis 不 + regard 看)——無視,不理會,忽視。

distrust 不信任。

作為離開、分離意義

discard (dis + card)原義“打撲克牌時將card扔出”。discard 拋棄具體事物,desert 通過離開的方式拋棄。

discern 辨別,——concern (con相關——concern 涉及、關心),在此 dis 做“分離”——discern 相別,看出。I discerned his figure in the dark。我在黑暗中辨別出他的身影。

discerning 辨識能力強的。

discrete (dis 分離apart + crete)分離的,不相關聯的。——反義詞 concrete具體的(成壹體)。The picture consisited of a lot of discrete spots of color.這幅畫由許多互不關聯的色塊組成。 I am interested in concrete objects instead of abstract notions.我感興趣的是具體事物,而非抽象概念。

discriminate (dis分開 + crimin罪 + ate)分開,歧視。No one should be discriminated against。不應該其實任何人。

discrimination 辨別力,歧視,racial discrimination 種族歧視,racial sgregation 種族隔離。

dismiss (dis=away + miss=send),打發走(send away),解散,消除,I was frightened to death that I would be dismissed. 想到我可能被開除,我真嚇得要死。

disperse (dis=apart + sperse=sparse),sparse 稀少的,disperse 疏散開,消散。The wind dispersed the smoke.風把煙吹散了。

dispirit (dis=off + spirit 精神),失去精神力量,使泄氣, dispirit a person from future exertions,使壹個人喪失為未來努力的勇氣。

displace (dis 離開 + place 位置),取代,替代,離開家園。 I don't want to be displaced in your heart by that young fool. Many inhabitants were displaced by the floodwater.流離失所。“取代”,區別於replace,replace側重以新代舊,常意味著原物已失去作用。

dispose (dis 分開 + pose 放置)——分開放置——排列,布置,傾向於,有利於,dispose pieces of furniture 布置家具,His prejudice disposed him to rule in their favor. 他的偏見使他傾向於做出有利於他們的裁決。去掉,dispose of furniture 處理家具,dispose of 處理,解決,I can dispose of your argument easily。我輕而易舉地駁倒了妳的論點。

disposal 名詞,丟掉,布置。at sb's disposal 任某人處理,供某人使用。If I can be of service, I'm at your disposal.

disposition 意向,排列。

dispute (dis 分離 + pute 考慮),想法不壹,各抒己見——爭論。 dispute with sb. about/over sth.就某事與某人爭論。

disrupt (dis=off + rupt=break)使中斷,擾亂=bring or throw into disorder 。

A crowd of protesters disrupted the meeting. 壹群抗議者打斷了會議。

dissolve (dis=away + solve 溶解)——使融化,解散,消失。

All his hopes dissolved at the terrible news. 那個極壞的消息使他的壹切希望破滅了。

distance (dis=apart + stance=stand 分立於兩處),距離。世界上最遙遠的距離,不是生與死,而是我就站在妳面前,妳卻不知道我愛妳;世界上最遙遠的距離,不是我就站在妳面前,而妳不知道我愛妳,而是明明知道彼此相愛,卻不能在壹起;世界上最遙遠的距離,不是明明知道彼此相愛,卻不能在壹起,而是明明無法抵擋這股思念,卻還故意裝作絲毫未將妳放在心裏;世界上最遙遠的距離,不是明明無法抵擋這股思念,卻還故意裝作絲毫未將妳放在心裏,而是用自己的冷漠的心對愛妳的人,掘了壹條無法跨越的鴻溝。

distant 遠處的,疏遠的,Her manner was rather distant. 她的態度相當冷淡。

distort (dis=off 離 + tort=turn,twist 扭),扭離原形——扭曲,歪曲,The reporter distorted the facts.

distract (dis = away,off + tract 引)——使分心——反義詞 attract。 If something distracts you or your attention , it makes you stop concentrating on what you are doing.

distribute (dis 分開 + tribute 物品),分送,分配,distribute the apples to the children 分蘋果給孩子們, These plants are widely distributed in China.這些植物在我國分布廣泛。

distribution 分布。

其他意義

discuss 討論, discussion

dish 盤,菜,dish out 給予,分發

disk 唱片,compact disk——CD,video compact disk(VCD)

disco——discotheque 迪斯科。

discipline 紀律

distinct (形容詞)有區別的,清楚的,物的整體可被明白看見的叫做 clear, 物的各部非常clear 叫做distinct。————distinguish(動詞)

distinction 不同,差別,區分,優秀。 make distinction between good and bad 區別善惡

distress (di 加強 + stress 壓力)憂慮,危難 Company in distress makes trouble less 同病相憐。

district (di 加強 + strict 限制)——區,行政區

disturb 打擾

disturbance 擾亂