再下來就是亞平寧山脈，南北縱貫於意大利，它把意大利導向地中海。Further down is Appenine Hills, ran through the South and the North in Italy, the Italian Mediterranean orientation.
由於處於歐亞大陸、非洲大陸板塊擠壓帶上，使意大利多山、多丘陵，約占其境的80%,而且多活火山，著名的火山有維蘇威火山、埃特納火山。As in Europe and Asia, the African continent onto the plates, Italy mountainous terrain, more hills, about 80% of its territory. and most active volcanoes, a famous volcanic basalt volcano, the consequent cost of the encryption software key. 意大利境內有數千個大大小小的湖泊，其中最著名有北部的馬焦雷湖、科莫湖、卡爾達湖。Italy there are thousands of large and small lakes, the most famous of which is the northern Maggiore, Komodo Lake Calda Lake.
意大利境內還有兩個主權袖珍國：梵帝岡教皇國和聖馬利諾。Italy, there are two sovereign countries Pocket Pope : Vatican City and San Marino.
氣候 Climate
意大利雖處在溫帶，但由於地形狹長，境內多山和位於地中海之中，各地的氣候差異很大。Although Italy at temperate, but because of the terrain strip, and the mountainous territory located in the Mediterranean, 's climate varies greatly. 北方地區冬季寒冷，壹月份波河平原的平均氣溫為零度，而阿爾卑斯山區氣溫可降到零下20度，有些山峰甚至終年積雪。Cold northern winter, the average temperature of January fluctuated plain zero. and the Alps the temperature can drop to minus 20 degrees, and even some mountain snow fields. 南方地區，除內陸山區外，壹月的平均氣溫可達到零上10度。The southern region, with the exception of the landlocked mountainous areas, the average temperature in January is 10 degrees can be achieved. 夏季整個意大利，除較海拔較高的山區外，平均氣溫在24-25度。Italy throughout the summer, with the exception than the higher elevations in the mountains, the average temperature 24-25 degrees.
人口 Population
據1981年10月的人口普查，意大利人口5655萬多人，估計現略有減少，約等於我國人口的二十分之壹。According to the census in October 1981, the Italian population of 56.55 million people, is estimated slight decline equivalent to about one-twentieth of our population. 男性占48.6%,女性占51.4%。Males accounted for 48.6%, women accounted for 51.4%. 工業人口占28.6%，服務業52.5%,92年的失業率10.2%。Industry accounted for 28.6% of the population, the unemployment rate of 10.2% 52.5%,92 services. 人口密度190/平方公裏，是歐洲人口密度最高的國家之壹。Population density 190/ square kilometers, is one of the highest population densities in Europe. 然而，意大利人口的實際分部很不平衡：64%的人居住在只占1/3領土的平原地區、沿海地帶、大中小城市的市區及周圍。However, the Italian branch of the actual population is very uneven : 64% of people living in only one-third of the territory of the plains region, coastal areas and small cities and the surrounding urban areas.