正文是中英文對照稿。
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The human voice: It's the instrument we all play. It's the most powerful sound in the world, probably. It's the only one that can start a war or say "I love you." And yet many people have the experience that when they speak, people don't listen to them. And why is that? How can we speak powerfully to make change in the world?
人類的聲音: 是我們所有人都彈奏的樂器。 可能是這個世界上最有力的聲音。 它絕無 僅有，或能引起戰爭， 或能說“我愛妳”。 然而，很多人有這種經歷， 當他們說的時 候，人們並不在聽。 這是為什麽呢? 我們怎樣有力地說 而讓世界發生某種改變?
What I'd like to suggest, there are a number of habits that we need to move away from. I've assembled for your pleasure here seven deadly sins of speaking. I'm not pretending this is an exhaustive list, but these seven, I think, are pretty large habits that we can all fall into.
我所提議的是， 我們需要改變壹些習慣。 在此我為妳們收集整理了， 說話的七宗罪。 我沒打算假裝這是壹個詳細的列表， 但這七個，我以為是 我們相當容易犯的壞習慣。
First, gossip. Speaking ill of somebody who's not present. Not a nice habit, and we know perfectly well the person gossiping, five minutes later, will be gossiping about us.
第壹就是，流言蜚語， 在背後說某些人的壞話。 這不是壹個好習慣，我們都很明白 那 個說閑話的人在五分鐘以後 就會在別人跟前說我們的閑話。
Second, judging. We know people who are like this in conversation, and it's very hard to listen to somebody if you know that you're being judged and found wanting at the same time.
Third, negativity. You can fall into this. My mother, in the last years of her life, became very negative, and it's hard to listen. I remember one day, I said to her, "It's October 1 today," and she said, "I know, isn't it dreadful?"
It's hard to listen when somebody's that negative.
第二，評判。 我們知道有些人在談話中是這樣的， 這讓人很難聽進別人的話， 如果妳 知道妳被人評判 且被認為不合格。
第三，消極。 妳能陷入這個泥潭。 我的母親，在她生命的最後幾年裏， 變得非常非常 消極，很難讓人聽她說話。 我記得有壹天，我對她說， “今天是十月壹號，” 她說， “我知道，這不可怕嗎?” (笑聲) 當某人那麽消極的時候是很難讓人聽進去的。
And another form of negativity, complaining. Well, this is the national art of the U.K. It's our national sport. We complain about the weather, sport, about politics, about everything, but actually, complaining is viral misery. It's not spreading sunshine and lightness in the world.
Excuses.
We've all met this guy. Maybe we've all been this guy. Some people have a blamethrower. They just pass it on to everybody else and don't take responsibility for their actions, and again, hard to listen to somebody who is being like that.
另外壹種消極，就是抱怨。 這是英國的全國性藝術。 是我們的全國性運動。我們抱怨天 氣， 體育和政治，幾乎每件事， 但實際上抱怨是病毒性的悲催， 它不會在這個世界上 傳播太陽和光明。
借口。我們都遇上過這個家夥。 也許我們都曾經是這個家夥。 有些人有指責癖好。 他 們怪罪任何人 而不是對自己的行為負責任， 所以，這又是讓人難以聆聽的壹種。
02:01 Penultimate, the sixth of the seven, embroidery, exaggeration. It demeans our language, actually, sometimes. For example, if I see something that really is awesome, what do I call it?
And then, of course, this exaggeration becomes lying, and we don't want to listen to people we know are lying to us.
And finally, dogmatism. The confusion of facts with opinions. When those two things get conflated, you're listening into the wind. You know, somebody is bombarding you with their opinions as if they were true. It's difficult to listen to that.
七件裏面的老六，倒數第二， 浮誇，吹牛。 它有時貶低了我們的語言，事實上。 比如， 如果我看見 什麽真的很神奇的事情， 那我該說什麽呢? (笑聲) 當然這種誇大後來就 變成了說謊。 徹頭徹尾的說謊，我們就不想聽 這種我們知道會說謊的人。
最後是，固執己見， 把事實和意見混淆。 當這兩件事混為壹談， 妳就像在聽風壹樣。 妳知道，有人用他們自己的意見來強迫妳。 這很難讓我們聽講。
So here they are, seven deadly sins of speaking. These are things I think we need to avoid. But is there a positive way to think about this? Yes, there is. I'd like to suggest that there are four really powerful cornerstones, foundations, that we can stand on if we want our speech to be powerful and to make change in the world. Fortunately, these things spell a word. The word is "hail," and it has a great definition as well. I'm not talking about the stuff that falls from the sky and hits you on the head. I'm talking about this definition, to greet or acclaim enthusiastically, which is how I think our words will be received if we stand on these four things.
So what do they stand for? See if you can guess. The H, honesty, of course, being true in what you say, being straight and clear. The A is authenticity, just being yourself. A friend of mine described it as standing in your own truth, which I think is a lovely way to put it. The I is integrity, being your word, actually doing what you say, and being somebody
people can trust. And the L is love. I don't mean romantic love, but I do mean wishing people well, for two reasons. First of all, I think absolute honesty may not be what we want. I mean, my goodness, you look ugly this morning. Perhaps that's not necessary. Tempered with love, of course, honesty is a great thing. But also, if you're really wishing somebody well, it's very hard to judge them at the same time. I'm not even sure you can do those two things simultaneously. So hail.
這就是說話的七宗罪。 我認為這些是我們需要避免的。 但有沒有比較正面的呢? 的確 有。 我想建議四種我們可以牢靠站立的 真正強有力的基石或者基礎， 如果我們想讓我 們的言語有力 並且讓世界產生變化。 幸運的是，這些事情連起來是壹個單詞。 這個詞 就是“hail”，它有著特別好的定義。 我不是講那個天上掉下來的 砸在妳頭上的東西。 我在談論的是 “熱情地致敬或贊揚”這個定義。 我認為我們的言辭會如此被接受， 如 果我們堅持這四件事。
那麽它們到底是什麽呢? 看看妳是否能猜到。 H，代表了誠實(Honesty)，當然， 說 真話，直接了當並且清楚明白。 A，代表了真實(Authenticity)，做壹個自然而然的自己。 我的壹個朋友把它描述為 堅持真實的自己， 我覺得這是壹個優美的表述。 I，代表了正 氣(Integrity)，言而有信， 說到做到， 成為別人能信任的人。 L，代表愛(Love)。 我不是指羅曼蒂克的愛情， 而是指對別人有良好的祝願，這出於兩個原因。 第壹，我認 為絕對的誠實 也許不是我們所想要的。 我的意思是，天哪，今天早上妳真難看。 那可 能不必要。 誠實是很重要的。當然，適當地帶著愛。 但還有，當妳真的很希望別人好， 就很難同時評判他們。 我不知道妳們是否能 同時做到這兩點。 那麽 hail。
Also, now that's what you say, and it's like the old song, it is what you say, it's also the way that you say it. You have an amazing toolbox. This instrument is incredible, and yet this is a toolbox that very few people have ever opened. I'd like to have a little rummage in there with you now and just pull a few tools out that you might like to take away and play with, which will increase the power of your speaking.
Register, for example. Now, falsetto register may not be very useful most of the time, but there's a register in between. I'm not going to get very technical about this for any of you who are voice coaches. You can locate your voice, however. So if I talk up here in my nose, you can hear the difference. If I go down here in my throat, which is where most of us speak from most of the time. But if you want weight, you need to go down here to the chest. You hear the difference? We vote for politicians with lower voices, it's true, because we associate depth with power and with authority. That's register.
上面提到的是妳所說的內容。 另外，就像老歌裏唱的，妳所說的很重要， 還有妳的表達 方式也很重要。 妳有壹個很神奇的工具盒。 裏面有難以置信的工具， 然而這個工具盒 只有不多的人打開過。 我願意跟妳們在這裏 做壹點兒探查，並且找出幾種工具。 妳也 許想拿來試壹下， 這些將會增加妳說話的力量。
比如說，音域。 假聲大部分時候可能是沒用的， 但在兩者之間會有壹種是有用的。 對 於在座的語音教練們， 我不會在這個問題上很深入。 然而，妳能定位妳的聲音。 如果 我把聲音提到鼻子這兒，妳可以聽出不同。 如果我把聲音降到嗓子這裏， 這是我們大部 分人大多數時候所做的。 但是如果妳想有份量， 妳需要降到胸腔。 妳聽出了不同嗎? 我們給聲音低沈的政治家投票，那是真的， 因為我們把深沈 和權力、權威聯系在壹起。 那是音域。
Then we have timbre. It's the way your voice feels. Again, the research shows that we prefer voices which are rich, smooth, warm, like hot chocolate. Well if that's not you, that's not the end of the world, because you can train. Go and get a voice coach. And there are amazing things you can do with breathing, with posture, and with exercises to improve the timbre of your voice.
Then prosody. I love prosody. This is the sing-song, the meta-language that we use in order to impart meaning. It's root one for meaning in conversation. People who speak all on one note are really quite hard to listen to if they don't have any prosody at all. That's where the word "monotonic" comes from, or monotonous, monotone. Also, we have repetitive prosody now coming in, where every sentence ends as if it were a question when it's actually not a question, it's a statement?
And if you repeat that one, it's actually restricting your ability to communicate through prosody, which I think is a shame, so let's try and break that habit.
然後我們再說音色， 那是妳的聲音讓人感覺如何。 研究顯示我們喜歡那種 豐厚，平滑， 溫暖，像熱巧克力壹樣的聲音。 當然如果妳沒有那樣的聲音，這也不是世界末日。 因為 妳可以訓練。 去找到壹個聲音教練。 妳可以做很神奇的事情， 利用呼吸，姿勢，還有 鍛煉 來提高妳嗓音的音色。
然後是韻律。我喜歡韻律。 那是唱歌，是元語言， 我們用來傳送意味。 在談話中是意 思的根基。 那種說話壹個聲調的人 很難讓人聽講， 如果他們沒有壹點兒韻律。 那就是 單調這個詞的來源， 或者說枯燥無味，壹成不變。 我們還有重復性的韻律， 每個句子 的結尾好像是壹個疑問句， 但事實上，它不是疑問句，而是陳述句。 (笑聲) 如果妳 壹遍壹遍地重復某個東西， 它會限制妳 用韻律來交流的能力， 我認為這是壹件憾事， 讓我們努力打破那個習慣。
Pace.
I can get very excited by saying something really quickly, or I can slow right down to emphasize, and at the end of that, of course, is our old friend silence. There's nothing wrong with a bit of silence in a talk, is there? We don't have to fill it with ums and ahs. It can be very powerful.
語速，我可以非常非常興奮地 飛快地說著什麽， 或者我能慢下來強調， 在結尾處，當 然是我們的老朋友， 沈默。 在講話中，有壹點兒沈默 沒關系，是嗎? 我們不需要用 “嗯” 和“ 啊”來填充。 沈默就很有力。
當然，音調常常跟語速壹起 來指示興奮度，但妳能僅僅用音調就顯示出來。 妳把我的鑰 匙放在哪兒啦? 妳把我的鑰匙放在哪兒啦? 那麽輕微的差別 在這兩個表達中。
Of course, pitch often goes along with pace to indicate arousal, but you can do it just with pitch. Where did you leave my keys? (Higher pitch) Where did you leave my keys? So, slightly different meaning in those two deliveries.
And finally, volume. (Loud) I can get really excited by using volume. Sorry about that, if I startled anybody. Or, I can have you really pay attention by getting very quiet. Some people broadcast the whole time. Try not to do that. That's called sodcasting,
Imposing your sound on people around you carelessly and inconsiderately. Not nice.
最後，是音量。 我能用音量表示極端的興奮。 如果我打擾了任何人的話，抱歉。 或者， 我能用很輕的聲音 讓妳認真地註意。 有人全程壹直都在說話。 別那樣。 那叫做“公放 音樂”， 把妳的聲音不假思索 和草率地強加給別人。不好。
當然，這些工具真正發揮作用的地方， 是當妳有什麽很重要的事情要做的時候。 這可能 是像這樣站在演講臺上 對著人演講。 它可能是求婚， 要求加薪，或者婚禮上的講話。 不管是什麽，如果它非常重要， 妳應該看著這個工具盒， 以及將要工作運行的發動機， 沒有預熱的發動機不會好好工作。 預熱妳自己的聲音。
Of course, where this all comes into play most of all is when you've got something really important to do. It might be standing on a stage like this and giving a talk to people. It might be proposing marriage, asking for a raise, a wedding speech. Whatever it is, if it's really important, you owe it to yourself to look at this toolbox and the engine that it's going to work on, and no engine works well without being warmed up. Warm up your voice.
07:46 Actually, let me show you how to do that. Would you all like to stand up for a moment? I'm going to show you the six vocal warm-up exercises that I do before every talk I ever do. Any time you're going to talk to anybody important, do these. First, arms up, deep breath in, and sigh out, ahhhhh, like that. One more time. Ahhhh, very good. Now we're going to warm up our lips, and we're going to go Ba, Ba, Ba, Ba, Ba, Ba, Ba, Ba. Very good. And now, brrrrrrrrrr, just like when you were a kid. Brrrr. Now your lips should be coming alive. We're going to do the tongue next with exaggerated la, la, la, la, la, la, la, la, la. Beautiful. You're getting really good at this. And then, roll an R. Rrrrrrr. That's like champagne for the tongue. Finally, and if I can only do one, the pros call this the siren. It's really good. It starts with "we" and goes to "aw." The "we" is high, the "aw" is low. So you go, weeeaawww, weeeaawww.
讓我給妳演示怎樣做。 妳們都願意站起來壹會兒嗎? 我會給妳演示六個預熱聲音的鍛煉， 在每次演講之前我都這麽做。 在跟任何重要的人談話之前，做以下這些。 第壹，舉起雙 臂，吸氣， 然後呼出，啊哈，就像那樣。 再來壹次。 啊哈，很好。 現在我們要預熱我 們的嘴唇， 做出吧，吧，吧，吧， 吧，吧，吧，吧。很好。 現在，brrrrrrr， 就像妳 是個孩子。 brrrrr。現在妳的嘴唇應該活了。 下壹個是舌頭， 誇張的啦，啦，啦， 啦...... 美極了。妳們做得很好。 然後，卷舌壹個 R，Rrrrrr。 這就像給舌頭的香檳酒。 最後，如果我只能做壹個， 專業人士把這叫做警報。 這個特別好。它開始於“we”然後 轉為“aw”。 “we”是高音，“aw”是低音。 那麽就是，“weeeaawww......”
Fantastic. Give yourselves a round of applause. Take a seat, thank you. Next time you speak, do those in advance. 妙極了。給妳自己來鼓個掌。 請坐，謝謝妳們。(鼓掌) 下次妳演講之前，提前做到這幾項。
Now let me just put this in context to close. This is a serious point here. This is where we are now, right? We speak not very well to people who simply aren't listening in an environment that's all about noise and bad acoustics. I have talked about that on this stage in different phases. What would the world be like if we were speaking powerfully to people who were listening consciously in environments which were actually fit for purpose? Or to make that a bit larger, what would the world be like if we were creating sound consciously and consuming sound consciously and designing all our environments consciously for sound? That would be a world that does sound beautiful, and one where understanding would be the norm, and that is an idea worth spreading.
Thank you.
現在讓我在結束之前作個總結。 這壹點是認真的。 這就是我們的所在，對嗎? 我們說 得不好， 人們也聽不進去， 在壹個吵鬧和喧嘩的環境裏。 我已經在講臺上 分階段地談 到這個問題。 這個世界會是怎樣， 如果我們有說服力， 人們有意識地聽， 在壹個量身 定做的環境下? 或者說得更大壹些， 世界將會是怎樣， 如果我們有意識地說話， 有意 識地傾聽， 並且有意識地針對聲音 來設計我們的周圍環境? 那會是壹個聽起來非常美 麗的世界， 在那兒 理解會是常態。 那是壹個值得傳播的理念。感謝妳們。