Eg. John helped Peter. （John是動作的施行者，而Peter是動作的承受者即承受者。）
Peter was helped by John. （Peter是句子的主語，而且是動作的承受者，所以用被動語態。）1-2 被動語態的構成：be + 動詞的過去分詞
2. 特別提醒：被動語態的時態和人稱的變動都是由動詞be作改變的，不論發生什麽改變，動詞的過去分詞(v+ed或不規則的分詞) 都不改變。時態用的助動詞和人稱代詞由被動語態句子中的主語，即動作的承受者，所決定。
2-1 Eg. He cleans the room everyday.
? The room is cleaned (by him) everyday.
(壹般現在時的被動語態構成: is / am / are + 動詞的過去分詞)
2-2 Eg. They have brought many toys since last week.
Many toys have been brought (by them) since last week.(現在完成時的被動語態構成：has/have + been + 動詞過去分詞。)
2-3 Eg. They are meeting the foreigners at the gate.
The foreigners are being met (by them) at the gate.(現在進行時的被動語態構成：is/ are/ am + being + 動詞過去分詞)
2-4 Eg. They will build some new buildings next year.
? Some new buildings will be built (by them) next year.
They are going to draw a new picture tomorrow.
? A new picture is going to be drawn tomorrow.
(壹般將來時被動語態構成：will + be +動詞過去分詞, 或is/am/are going to +be + 動詞過去分詞)
2-5 Eg. Father has been painting the room all morning.
? The room has been being painted (by father) all morning.
(僅作了解：現在完成進行時的被動語態：has/ have + been+ being + 動詞過去分詞)
2-6 Eg. They wrote the book last year.
The book was written (by them) last year.（壹般過去時的被動語態構成：was/ were+動詞過去分詞）
2-7 Eg. The children had broken the window when the teacher arrived.
The windows had been broken (by the children) when the teacher arrived.(過去完成時被動語態構成had + been + 動詞過去分詞。)
2-8 Eg. She was reading the book at 8:00 last night.
? The book was being read at 8:00 last night.
(過去進行時被動語態構成：was/ were being + 動詞過去分詞)
2-9 Eg. They said they would cook some food.
? They said some food would be cooked.
They said he was going to buy a new house.
? They said a new house was going to be bought.
(過去將來時被動語態構成：would +動詞過去分詞，或：was/were going to be + 動詞分詞)
2-10 Eg. He must finish the work in two days.
? The work must be finished in two days.
(情態動詞被動語態：must/have to/had better/ should/can/could/may/might/need to + be +動詞分詞)
3． 間接引語中的被動語態：
3-1 引述動詞是壹般現在時的時候，引語的人稱根據引述動詞前面的主語而作調整，但時態不變。
Eg. He often says, “ I was chosen to take part in the exam when I was twelve.”
He often says he was chosen to take part in the exam when he was twelve. （人稱由引述動詞says前面的主語he 決定，但引語的時態不變。）3-2 引述動詞為過去時態，引語部分的時態和人陳都按照引述部分進行改變。
Eg. He said, “ My father has been hit by a car.”
He said his father had been hit by a car. (引語部分的時態和人稱都發生了改變。)3-3 從上文可看出：引述動詞是過去時態時，被動語態形式的引語改動規則與主動語態形式的引語的改動規則壹樣，但無論如何，只要是被動語態，它的動詞的過去分詞總是不改的。）
4．幾種特殊的情況需要特別註意：
4-1. 帶介詞的雙賓語可以有兩種改法：
eg. They gave him an apple.
? He was given an apple.
? An apple was given to him. (雙賓語中當直接賓語apple 作被動語態句子的主語時，要記得寫上介詞to。)
4-1-1這樣的動詞有：buy/make/cook sth for sb
或：show/bring/give/take/ send/write/… to sb.
4-2. 多詞動詞的被動語態：
eg. She looked after his children.
? His children were looked after (by her).
4-2-1這樣的動詞有：look after, look into, talk about, set up, put off, bring about, do away with, look forward to, take good care of 等等詞。
4-3 It is/was/has been said/reported/known + that + 從句
4-4 有些動詞在主動語態裏不帶to，但改為被動語態時要還原to
make/see/have/hear/let sb do sth? sb be made/seen/heard/let to do sth
eg. The boss made the workers work for a long time.
? The workers were made to work for a long time (by the boss).
4-5 有些動詞在主動語態中帶sb doing sth, 改為被動語態時仍用doing sth
eg. I heard him singing in his room. ?He was heard singing in his room.
4-6 特別區分：當句子中出現suddenly, 具體的時間時，用see/hear sb doing sth的形式
當句中出現often, always, sometimes, 或不具體的時間時，用see/hear sb do sth的形式。
Eg. 1) I often hear him sing in his room.
2) Yesterday I saw him cross the road.
3) Suddenly they heard someone crying in the forest.
4-7 不及物動詞沒有被動語態：happen, take place, begin, become, go, come
eg. Great changes have taken place in the last two years.
4-8 表靜態的動詞沒有被動語態：cost, last, agree with, own
4-9 主動形式表示被動意義，通常用於表示sth的功能或效用: write/wash/cut/use/sell/cook
eg. The cooker cooks well.
The washing machine washes well.
註意：動詞的搭配：
1．帶sb to do sth的動詞：allow/encourage/help/want/wish/ask/tell sb to do sth,
2．帶 to do sth 的動詞：hope/agree/decide/want/wish/prefer to do sth
3．帶 doing sth 的動詞：enjoy/practise/think about/doing sth
4．幾對特殊的例子：remember to do sth (記得要做，但還沒做)
remember doing sth (記得要做，而且做了)
forget to do sth ( 忘記要做，沒有做)
forget doing sth ( 做了，但忘記已經做了)
5．prefer doing sth to doing sth
6．look forward to doing sth
7．介詞後面用doing sth
8．動詞做句子的主語時用ing形式：Collecting stamps is interesting.