古詩詞大全網 - 成語大全 - if虛擬語氣的用法歸納

if虛擬語氣的用法歸納

if虛擬語氣的用法歸納如下:

壹、表示與現在事實相反的情況:

1、從句:If主語過去時(Be動詞用were)。

2、主句:主語 should/would/could/might do。

3、例句:

(1)If I were you,I would take an umbrella.

如果我是妳,我會帶把傘。(事實:我不可能是妳)。

(2)If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you.

如果我知道他的電話號碼,我就會告訴妳。(事實:不知道)。

(3)If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth.

如果沒有水和空氣,地球上就不會有生物。(事實:地球上既有空氣也有水)。

二、表示與過去事實相反的情況:

1、從句:If主語had done。

2、主句:主語should/would/could/might have done。

3、例句:

(1)If I had got there earlier,I should/could have met her.

如果我早到那兒,我就會見到她。(事實:去晚了)。

(2)If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake.

如果他聽我的勸告的話,就不會犯這樣的錯誤了。(事實:沒有聽我的話)。

三、表示對將來情況的主觀推測主句:

1、主語:should do。

2、從句:

(1)if主語:were to do。

(2)if主語:should/would/could/might do。

(3)if主語:did(動詞過去式)/were。

3、例句:

(1)If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.

如果他明天來這兒的話,我就跟他談談。(事實:來的可能性很小)。

(2)If there were a heavy snow next Sunday,we would not go skating.

如果下周日下大雪,我們就不能去滑冰了。(事實:下雪可能性很小)。

四、有時虛擬條件句中,結果主句和條件從句的謂語動作若不是同時發生時,虛擬語氣的形式應作相應的調整。這種條件句叫錯綜條件句。

1、從句的動作與過去事實相反,而主句的動作與現在或現在正在發生的事實不符。

2、例句:

(1)If I had worked hard at school,I would be anengineer,too.

如果我在學校學習刻苦的話,我現在也會成為壹個工程師了。

(2)If they had informed us,we would not come here now.

如果他們通知過我們的話,我們現在就不會來這裏了。

3、從句的動作與現在事實相反,而主句的動作與過去事實不符,如:

(1)If he were free today,we would have sent him to Beijing.

如果他今天有空的話,我們會已經派他去北京了。

(2)If he knew her,he would have greeted her.

要是他認識她的話,他肯定會去問候她了。

五、當虛擬條件句的謂語動詞含有were、should、had時,if可以省略,這時條件從句要用倒裝語序,即把were、should、had等詞置於句首,這種多用於書面語,如:

(1)Should he agree to go there,we would send him there.

要是他答應去的話,我們就派他去。

(2)Were she here,she would agree with us.

如果她在這兒的話,她會同意我們的。

(3)Had he learnt about computers,we would have hired him to work here.

如果他懂壹些電腦知識的話,我們已經聘用他來這裏工作了。