陳述句是什麽意思
陳述句(Declarative Sentence)是陳述壹個事實或者說話人的看法。 陳述句分為肯定句和否定句(全否定和半否定) 簡單地說,表達事物的“Yes”這壹面的句子就是肯定句,“No”的壹面的就叫做否定句。傳統的英語入門都是先學肯定句,然後再學肯定句的反面,亦就是否定句。 壹、肯定句:基本結構為主+謂 He went to London to pass his holiday. 二、否定句: 1、全否定 用not, no, never, neither, none, nothing等否定。表示“完全不是,完全不”的意思。 Nothing is wrong with me. 2、半否定句 在句子裏用否定詞hardly, scarcely, little, few, seldom, rarely等。 I hardly see anything in the room.=I can see little in the room. “all/both/every/each/+謂語+not”表示概念為“有的是,有的不是” All of them are not students.=Some of them are students, some are not. 3、賓語從句的否定形式 用在think, believe, suppose引導的賓語從句裏則否定主句。 I don't think he'll come.=He will not come in fact, I think. 三、否定句的表達方式 (1)使用副詞否定詞“not” (a)be,have為主要動詞 He has not many friend here. (在這裏他沒有很多朋友。) 解說:“be/have +not”常縮短成壹詞,尤其是日常談話更是如此。 “am +not”不是“amn't”,而是“aren't”或“ain't[eint]”, I am very nice to you, aren't I? (我對妳很不錯,是不是?) 美國人用“ain't”很隨便,應該是“are not,is not,have not,has not”的地方,他們也會“ain't”壹下就帶過去,宜註意。 (b)be,have為助動詞 He hasn't yet paid the money. (他尚未付錢。) be+ V -ing(進行時),be +P.P.(過去分詞)(被動詞態),have(has,had)+P.P.(完成時)等的“be,have(has,had)”皆為助動詞。 “be going to …”在學校文法中也常被視為助動詞。 (c)“助動詞+V”時 動詞帶有助動詞“will,shall,can,may,must,need,dare,ought to,used to,had better”等時,將“not”置於助動詞與主要動詞之間。 You had better not tell her everything. (妳最好不要樣樣事情都告訴她。) 註:“can”的否定形式是“cannot / can't”,不可寫成“can not /cann't”。 (d)使用助動詞“do”的否定句 壹般動詞的否定句通常使用助動詞“do”,句式如下:do(does, did)+not + V(原形動詞) Don't believe him. (不要相信他的話。) 註:“have”表達“有”以外的意義時,其否定句通常使用助動詞“do We didn't have (=enjoy) a good time there yesterday. (昨天我們在那裏玩得不愉快。) 不過美式英語“have”作“有”的意義使用時也如壹般動詞使用助動詞“do” I don't have brothers. (我沒有兄弟。) (2)使用“not”以外的否定詞: (a)副詞:never,seldom,hardly,little,neither等 She seldom comes to see me. (她不常來看我。) (b)形容詞:no,few,little等 He has few friends in Hong Kong. (他在香港幾乎沒有朋友。) (c)代詞:nothing,nobody,none等 I found nobody about computer. (在那棟房子裏我沒看到任何人。) 註: 1.有些文法書認為“Not +V”為句子否定法,是否定句,而“no +n.或如nothing等”為單詞否定法,不宜稱為否定句。 He has no breakfast. (他沒有早餐可吃。——單詞否定,肯定句) 2.否定也可以借用前綴或後綴來表達 They are childless.(=The don't have children.) (他們沒有小孩。) 淶源:百度百科 僅供參考 /view/46378.htm