以s、x、sh、ch結尾的名詞加es: glasses, boxes, brushes, matches.?
以輔音字母加y結尾的名詞，變y為i加es: cities, babies, enemies.?4)以f或fe結尾的名詞，多數變f為v加es: wives, knives.但有些詞只加s: roofs, proof s, chiefs.?
以o結尾的名詞，有些加es: Negroes, heroes, tomatoes, potatoes.其它加s: radio s, zoos, pianos, photos.?
不規則名詞：foot→feet, goose→geese, tooth→teeth, child→children, man→me n, woman→women, sheep→sheep, deer→deer, mouse→mice.
某些外來詞變復數：datum→data, medium→media, bacterium→bacteria, curriculum→curricula, criterion→criteria, phenomenon→phenomena. (?um/?on→a)?analysis→analyses, basis→bases, crisis→crises, diagnosis→diagnoses.(?is→es )?
復合名詞變復數：以不可數名詞結尾的復合名詞無復數形式，如：homework.?
以man或woman為前綴的復合名詞變復數，前後兩個名詞都變復數，如：manservant→menservants, woman student women students.?
其它復合名詞變復數：grown?up→grown?ups, brother?in?law→brothers?in?law, stand?by→stands?by.?
變ing：
壹般情況下直接加
輔音字母加y結尾，變y為i加ing.
單詞只有壹個音節時，雙寫最後壹個字母加ing.