不定式可在句中做什麽成分?註意的地方又有哪些?

不定式的句法功能:(1)作主語:To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.(2)作表語:Her job is to clean the hall.(3)作賓語:常與不定式做賓語連用的動詞有:want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn,pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, 如果不定式(賓語)後面有賓語補足語,則用it作形式賓語,真正的賓語(不定式)後置,放在賓語補足語後面,Marx found it important to study English well.(4)作賓語補足語:在復合賓語中,動詞不定式可充當賓語補足語,如下動詞常跟這種復合賓語:want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force,call on, wait for, invite.(5)作定語:動詞不定式作定語,放在所修飾的名詞或代詞後.與所修飾名詞有如下關系:①動賓關系:I have a meeting to attend.註意:不定式為不及物動詞時,所修飾的名詞如果是地點,工具等,應有必要的介詞He found a good house to live in.②說明所修飾名詞的內容:We have made a plan to finish the work.③被修飾名詞是不定式邏輯主語:He is the first to get here.(6)作狀語:①表目的:He worked day and night to get the money.②表結果:He arrived late to find the train gone.③表原因:They were very sad to hear the news.④表程度:It's too dark for us to see anything