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什麽時候用將來完成時?

將來完成時

(壹)構成:will/shall have +過去分詞

We hope it will have stopped raining before we set off for the picnic.

我們希望在出發去野餐以前雨就已經停了。

I'll have done all the work by the time you are back this evening.

妳們今晚回來的時候我就將做完所有的工作了。

(二)用法:

1. 表示在將來某壹時刻將完成或在另壹個未來的動作發生之前已經完成的動作。

註意:常與將來完成時連用的時間狀語有:

① by (the time / the end of ) + 表示將來時間的短語和句子;

② before (the end of ) + 表示將來時間的詞語或句子;

③ when, after等加上表示將來動作的句子等。 例如:

By the year 2050, scientists probably will have discovered a cure for cancer.

到2050年,科學家們可能已經找到治愈癌癥的方法了。

By the time you arrive in London, we will have been staying in Europe for two weeks.

等妳到達倫敦的時候,我們將已經在歐洲呆了兩星期了。

2. 在時間從句和條件從句中,現在完成時可以代替將來完成時,表示將來某時業已完成的動作。例如:

You'll get to like the subject after you have studied it for some time.

在學習這個學科壹段時間之後,妳就會喜歡它的。

I'll go and see the exhibition as soon as I have finished my work.

我壹做完作業就去看展覽。

3. 將來完成時還可以表示"可能性",或"設想"。例如:

It's five o'clock;they will have arrived home by now.

已經五點鐘了,他們現在應該已經到家了。

(三)將來完成時與壹般將來時的比較:

有具體的時間狀語要用壹般將來時。如:

Mr Smith will return home on the first Sunday next month. 史密斯先生將於下月的第壹個星期日回家。

將來完成時的時間狀語壹般用介詞by引入,如:

Mr Smith will have returned home by next month. 到下個月史密斯先生將已回到家了。