為突發狀況準備趁手的的應急物品：家裏、辦公地點、汽車上如何應急
Because you don’t know where you will be when an earthquake occurs, prepare a Disaster Supplies Kit for your home, workplace, and car.
因為妳不知道地震發生的時候自己會在哪兒，所以，在家裏、辦公地點以及汽車上，都準備壹套抗災裝備吧。
水
Water. Store at least 1 gallon of water per person per day and be prepared for a 72-hour period. A normally active person needs at least ? gallon of water daily just for drinking. In determining adequate quantities, take the following into account:
每人每天至少需儲備1加侖(3.8升)的水，並按此標準壹次備夠72小時之用。壹般情況下，壹個活躍的正常人，光飲用，每天就需要消耗1/2加侖(1.9升)的水。為了保證足夠的量，應考慮以下因素：
? Individual needs vary depending on age, physical condition, activity, diet, and climate.
? Children, nursing mothers, and ill people need more water.
? Very hot temperatures can double the amount of water needed.
? A medical emergency might require more water.
* 個體需求量因年齡、體質、活動量、飲食、氣候等而有差異。
* 兒童、哺乳期婦女、病人需水量更大。
* 高溫天氣會使需水量成倍增加。
* 醫療緊急情況會需要更多的水。
It is recommended that you buy commercially bottled water. Keep bottled water in its original container and do not open it until you need to use it. Also, pay attention to the expiration or "use by" date.
建議妳購買壹些瓶裝水。不要拆開瓶裝水的原包裝，在必須使用之前不要打開。另外，要註意保質期或者最晚飲用日期。
If you choose to prepare your own containers of water, you should buy air-tight, food-grade water storage containers from surplus or camping supply stores. Before filling the containers, clean them with dish washing soap and water, and rinse them completely so that there is no residual soap. Water stored in your own containers should be replaced about every 6 months.
In addition to water, have purification tablets such as Halazone and Globaline, but be sure to read the label on the bottle before using the tablets.
如果妳準備用自己的容器裝水，妳應該從軍用品或者野營用品專門店購買那種不漏氣的、專門儲存食品的盛水容器。在裝水之前，要用餐具專用洗滌劑和水清洗容器，並用水沖凈，以免洗滌劑殘留。容器內的水必須每6個月更換壹次。除了水之外，還需要壹些凈化用的藥片，比如哈拉宗(Halazone)、高碘甘氨酸(Globaline)，但在使用這些藥片之前，壹定要先看看瓶子上的標簽。(譯者：請向專業人士或醫護人員資訊上述藥品的使用!)
食品
Food. It’s always a practical idea to keep a supply of non-perishable food on hand that can be rotated into your diet and replenished on a regular basis. Have a sufficient supply of canned or dehydrated food, powdered milk, and canned juices for at least 72 hours. Dried cereals and fruits and non-salted nuts are good sources of nutrition. Keep the following points in mind:
作為壹個很實用的主意，應經常準備壹些不易腐壞的食品以便隨時食用。並可將其加入日常的飲食之中，並定期補充儲備。準備足夠72小時之用的聽裝食品或脫水食品、奶粉，以及聽裝果汁。幹麥片、水果和無鹽幹果是很好的營養源。請註意以下幾點：
? Avoid foods that will make you thirsty. Choose salt-free crackers, whole grain cereals, and canned goods with high liquid content.
? Stock foods that do not require refrigeration, cooking, water, or special preparation. You may already have many of these on hand.
? Remember to include foods for infants and special dietary needs.
* 不要選擇那些讓妳容易口渴的食品。選擇無鹽餅幹、全麥麥片和富含流質的罐裝食品。
* 只儲備無需冷藏、烹飪或特殊處理的食品。類似食品可供選擇的有很多。
* 別忘了食品中應包括嬰兒和特殊飲食需要者的食品。妳還應該準備壹些廚房用具和炊具，尤其是手動開罐器。
You should also have kitchen accessories and cooking utensils, especially a manual can opener.
應急燈和備用電池
Flashlights and spare batteries. Keep a flashlight beside your bed, at your place of work, and in your car. Do not use matches or candles after an earthquake until you are certain that no gas leaks exist.
在妳的床邊、工作地點以及車裏放壹盞應急燈。不要在地震後使用火柴或蠟燭, 除非妳能確定沒有瓦斯泄漏。
便攜式電池供電收音機或電視機以及備用電池
Portable, battery-powered radio or television and spare batteries. Most telephones will be out of order or used for emergency purposes, so radios will be your best source of information. You may also want to have a battery-powered CB or other two-way radio.
大多數電話將會無法使用或只能供緊急用途，所以收音機將會是妳的信息來源。如有可能，妳還應當準備電池供電的收發報機和無線對講機。
急救箱和急救手冊
First aid kit and manual. Keep a first aid kit at home and in your car. Also, have a manual such as Standard First Aid & Personal Safety by the American Red Cross. Have members of your household take basic first aid and CPR courses.
在家裏和車裏準備壹個急救箱。同時，備壹本由美國紅十字會制作的《標準急救和個人安全手冊》。讓妳的家人學習壹些基本的急救和人工呼吸課程。
滅火器
Fire extinguishers. Keep a fire extinguisher at home and in your car. Some extinguishers are good only for certain types of fires — electrical, grease, or gas. Class ABC extinguishers are designed for safe use on any type of fire. Your fire department can show you how to use an extinguisher properly.
在妳的家裏和車裏都要配備滅火器。壹些滅火器僅適用於特定的火源——電引發的火災，油脂引發的火災，或者煤氣引發的火災等等。ABC(多用途幹粉)滅火器可安全使用於任何種類的火源。當地消防部門可以教妳如何正確地使用滅火器。
特殊用品
Special needs. Keep a supply of special needs items, such as medications, extra eyeglasses, contact lens solutions, hearing aid batteries, items for infants (formula, diapers, bottles, and pacifiers), sanitation and hygiene items (moist towelettes and toilet paper), and any items unique to your family’s needs.
準備必要的特殊用品，比如藥品，備用眼鏡，隱形眼鏡護理液，助聽器電池，嬰兒物品(嬰兒食品、尿布、奶瓶和奶嘴)，衛生用品(小濕巾和手紙)等家所須的任何物品。
重要的文件和現金
Important papers and cash. Be sure to have a supply of cash for use if ATMs, banks, and credit card systems are not operating. Also, keep copies of credit and identification cards and important documents, such as insurance policies and financial records.
確保在自動取款機、銀行和信用卡系統癱瘓時，有足夠的現金可用。同時，保留壹些信用證明、身份證和壹些重要文件的復印件，比如保險單和財務記錄。
工具
Tools. In addition to a pipe wrench and crescent wrench (for turning off gas and water valves), you should have a lighter, a supply of matches in a waterproof container, and a whistle for signaling rescue workers.
除了準備壹個管鉗和壹個可調扳手(用來關閉氣閥和水管)，妳要有壹個打火機，壹盒裝在防水盒子裏的火柴和壹個用來呼叫援救人員的哨子。
衣服
Clothes. If you live in a cold climate, you must think about warmth. You might not have heat after an earthquake. Think about your clothing and bedding supplies. Be sure to have one complete change of clothing and shoes per person, including the following:
如果妳所處的地區天氣寒冷，必須考慮到保暖。地震過後妳可能無法取暖。要考慮到妳的衣服和睡覺用品。確保每個人有壹整套換洗的衣服和鞋子，這包括：
? jacket or coat
? long pants
? long sleeve shirt
? sturdy shoes
? hat, mittens or gloves, and scarf
? sleeping bag or warm blanket (per person)
*茄克衫或外衣
*長褲
*長袖衫
*結實的鞋
*帽子，手套和圍巾
*睡袋或暖毯(每人壹件)
寵物用品
Pet needs. Identify a shelter area for your pet, gather the necessary supplies, ensure that your pet has proper ID and up-to-date veterinarian records, and make sure you have a pet carrier and a leash.
為妳的寵物尋找壹個安全的地點，準備壹些必需品，確保妳的寵物有準確的身份證明以及最新的獸醫登記，同時準備好壹個寵物籠和壹條皮帶。