古詩詞大全網 - 成語故事 - 詳細解答壹下to、for、the的用法

詳細解答壹下to、for、the的用法

For和to這兩個介詞,意義豐富,用法復雜。這裏僅就它們主要用法進行比較。

壹、表示各種“目的”,用“for”

eg.

1. What do you study English for? 妳為什麽要學英語?

2. She went to france for holiday. 她到法國度假去了。

3. These books are written for pupils. 這些書是為學生些的。

4. hope for the best, prepare for the worst. 作最好的打算,作最壞的準備。

2. 對於用“for”

eg.

1.She has a liking for painting. 她愛好繪畫 。

2.She had a natural gift for teaching. 她對教學有天賦/

3. 表示贊成同情,用“for”

eg.

1.Are you for the idea or against it? 妳是支持還是反對這個想法?

2. He expresses sympathy for the common people.. 他表現了對普通老百姓的同情。

3. I felt deeply sorry for my friend who was very ill.

4 表示因為,由於(常有較活譯法),用“for”

eg.

1 Thank you for coming. 謝謝妳來。

2. France is famous for its wines. 法國因酒而出名。

5. 當事人對某事的主觀看法,對於(某人),對…來說(多和形容詞連用),

用介詞to,不用for.

eg.

He said that money was not important to him.

他說錢對他並不重要。

To her it was rather unusual.

對她來說這是相當不尋常的。

They are cruel to animals. 他們對動物很殘忍。

6. 和fit, good, bad, useful, suitable 等形容詞連用,表示適宜,適合。用for.

eg.

Some training will make them fit for the job.

經過壹段訓練,他們會勝任這項工作的。

Exercises are good for health.

鍛煉有益於健康。

Smoking and drinking are bad for health.

抽煙喝酒對健康有害。

You are not suited for the kind of work you are doing.

7. 表示不定式邏輯上的主語,可以用在主語、表語、狀語、定語中。

1. It would be best for you to write to him.

2. The simple thing is for him to resign at once.

3. There was nowhere else for me to go.

4. He opened a door and stood aside for her to pass.

8. 表示前往(某地)去某地,用for不用to

I bought a ticket for Milan.

I start for Shanghai tomorrow. 我明天去上海。

The ship is for Liverpool. 這艘船是開往利物浦的。

9. 表示到達的目的地、終點.用to不用for

The bus will take you to the post office. 公***汽車會把妳送到郵局去的。

He saw her to the railway station. 他把她送到火車站。

10. 作為(意思接近as)for可以與to互換。

I’ll keep it for a souvenir. 我將把它留作紀念。

He spoke English so well that I took him for a foreigner.

他英語說的那麽好,我還以為他是外國人。

He took her to (or for) wife. 他娶她為妻。

11.表示交換

1) I bought a bicycle for seven hundred yuan.

我以七百元買了壹輛自行車。

2) He is willing to work for nothing.

他願意義務地工作。

12.表示就…來說,用for

He was tall for his age. 以他的年齡來說他的個子是很高的。

For so young a man he had read widely. 作為這樣年輕的人,他書讀的是夠多了。

13.表示相應、對應,壹般for 的前後用同壹個名詞。

Don’t translate word for word. 不要逐詞翻譯。

Blood for blood ! 血債血償。

Eye for eye, tooth for tooth. 以眼還眼,以牙還牙。

To 的此種用法表示貼著,對著。

The two lovers dance cheek to cheek.

這對情侶跳貼面舞。

They stood face to face ( back to back )

他們面對面(背對背)地站著。

14 to 和動詞連用,表示“對”,“向”“給”等

Did you mention this to him? 妳向他提到這事了嗎?

Give my love to your parents. 代我向妳父母問好。

I have to apologize to you. 我得向妳道歉。

the

1 表示特定的人或物 The book on the table is mine .

2表示聽話人和說話人彼此都熟悉的人或物

Lock the door , please.

3 第壹次提到的人或物要用不定冠詞表示,再次提到時,用定冠詞.

Ihave a bike . The bike is blue .

4 表示世界上獨壹無二的東西(專有名詞除外)

the sun \ the moon \ the world \ the sky ...

5表示國家,團體,機關,黨派等詞組前

the United States

the Communist Party

the working class

6 用在表示樂器的名詞前 play the piano

7用在姓氏的復數形式前,表示壹家人

The Greens are watching TV.

8用在單數可數名詞和名詞化的形容詞前,表示類別

The horse is a useful animal .

He often helps the poor .

9用在序數詞,形容詞最高級(副詞最高級前可以有定冠詞,也可以沒有)和方位名詞前

the first lesson

the biggest tree

in the east / north / west / south

10用在地理名詞前

the West Lake

the Yangtze River

11用在報紙,條約,會議等名詞前

the New York Times 紐約時報

the Atlantic Pact 大西洋公約

the Geneva Agreement 日內瓦條約

12用於某些建築物前

the National Gallery 國家美術館

the Workers' Gymnasium 工人體育館

13用於主要由普通名詞構成的專有名詞前

the United Nations

the Unites States

14用在逢十的數詞復數形式前,表示世紀中的特定年代或人的大約的歲數

in the 1990s /in the 1990's 在二十世紀九十年代

a man in the forties 壹個四十多歲的男人

15用在”動詞+人稱代詞賓格+介詞+the +身體的某壹部位”這壹結構中

I hit him on the face .

16用於合唱團,管弦樂隊,流行音樂團體等名稱前

the Bach Choir 巴赫合唱團

17用於某些固定的詞組中

in the future

all the time

on the left / right

in the end

at the beginning of

round the clock ...