數學符號 Mathematical symbols
等於：equal to, thae same as, is
不等：>more than
<less than
>= no less than
<= no more than
加：add, plus, more than, sum
減：minus, subtract( to take away by or as if by deducting ), less than, difference
乘：multiply, times, product(the number or expression resulting from the multiplication together of two or more numbers or expressions)
除：divide, quotient(the number resulting from the division of one number by another)
絕對值：absolute value
平方：square
立方：cube
開平方：square root
開立方：cube root
平行：parallel to
垂直：perpendicular to(a : standing at right angles to the plane of the horizon : exactly upright b : being at right angles to a given line or plane)
數字前綴
1--uni, mono
2--bi, du, di
3--tri, ter
4--tetra, quad
5--penta, quint
6--hex, sex
7--sept, hapta
8--oct
9--enn
10--dec, deka
方程和函數
方程 equation
壹元二次方程 quadratic（involving terms of the second degree at most） equations
多元壹次方程組 simultaneous（satisfied by the same values of the variables） linear equations
二元二次方程組 simultaneous quadratic equations
解 solution, root, zero
變量 variable
常量（數） constant(something invariable or unchanging)
項 term
系數 coefficient(any of the factors of a product considered in relation to a specific factor especially : a constant factor of a term as distinguished from a variable)
函數 function
數列和集合
等差數列 arithmetic(a branch of mathematics that deals usually with the nonnegative real numbers including sometimes the transfinite cardinals and with the application of the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division to them) progression
等比數列 geometric(a : of, relating to, or according to the methods or principles of geometry b : increasing in a geometric progression) progression
集合 set
子集 subset
序列 sequence
序列中的項 term
包含序列的首末項 inclusive
不包含序列的首末項 exclusive
排列組合與概率
排列 permutation(a : the act or process of changing the lineal order of an ordered set of objects b : an ordered arrangement of a set of objects)
組合 combination(an ordered sequence: as a : a sequence of letters or numbers chosen in setting a lock also : the mechanism operating or moved by the sequence b : a rapid sequence of punches in boxing c : any subset of a set considered without regard to order within the subset)
概率 probability, possibility
數論 number theory
數字 digit
奇數 odd number
偶數 even number
整數 integer, whole number
正整數 positive integer
連續整數 consecutive(following one after the other in order) integer
自然數 natural number
非零數 nonzero
正數 positive number
負數 negative number
有理數 rational(involving only multiplication, division, addition, and subtraction and only a finite number of times)
無理數 irrational(a number that can be expressed as an infinite decimal with no set of consecutive digits repeating itself indefinitely and that cannot be expressed as the quotient of two integers)
實數 real number
加 addition
合數 composite(made up of distinct parts) number
質數 prime number
因子 factor, divisor
公因子 common factor
質因數 prime factor
公約數 common divisior
最大公約數 the greatest common divisor GCD
公倍數 common multiple
最小公倍數 the least common multiple LCM
乘 multiply
乘數 multiplier
幾倍 times
A是B的兩倍 twice as many A as B
A是B的3/2倍 3/2 as many A as B
A比B多20%，（A-B）/B=20%A is 20% more than B
除以 divide
除數 divisor
商 quotient(the number resulting from the division of one number by another)
余數 remainder
整除 divisibility
可整除的 divisible by， evenly divisible
小數 decimals(numbered or proceeding by tens: a : based on the number 10 especially : expressed in or utilizing a decimal system especially with a decimal point b : subdivided into 10th or 100th units)
小數點 decimal point
分數 fractions(a numerical representation (as 3/4, 5/8, or 3.234) indicating the quotient of two numbers)
循環小數 reccuring decimal
有限小數 terminating decimal
分子 numerator(the part of a fraction that is above the line and signifies the number to be divided by the denominator)
分母 denominator(the part of a fraction that is below the line and that functions as the divisor of the numerator)
真分數 proper faction
假分數 improper fraction
帶分數 mixed number
個位數 units' digit
十位數 tens' digit
百位數 hundreds' digit
兩位數 2-digit number
十進制 decimalism, decimal notation, an integer in base 10 notation
十分位 tenth, tenths' digit
單利、復利和價格
單利 simple interest
復利 compound interest
成本 cost
折扣 discount
預付定金;分期付款 down payment(a part of the full price paid at the time of purchase or delivery with the balance to be paid later broadly : the first step in a process)
利率 interst rate
標價 list price
差額 margin
漲價 mark up
降價 mark down
毛利 markup( an amount added to the cost price to determine the selling price broadly)
利潤 profit
購買價 purchasing price
零售價 retail value
銷售價 sale price
折舊 depreciation(to lower the price or estimated value of )
代數 algebra
算術平均數 arithmetic mean
幾何平均數 geometric mean
平均數 average
中位數 median
眾數 mode
期望 expectation
偏差 deviation
方差 variance
標準差 standard deviation
範圍 range
底數 base
近似 closest approximation
降低後的 reduced
下降後的 decreased
從...下降到... decrease...to...
下降了 decrease by...
增加後的 increased
從...增加到... increase...to...
增加了... increase by...
定義 define
表示，代表 denote(to serve as an indication of )
不同的 distinct
表達式 expression
用...表達 in terms of
最小值 minimum, least possible
最大值 maximum
人均 per capita(equally to each individual)
指數 power
正比於 proportional to
比率 ratio
倒數 reciprocal（either of a pair of numbers (as 2/3 and 3/2 or 9 and 1/9) whose product is one broadly）
四舍五入到十分位 rounded(to express as a round number ― often used with off <11.3572 rounded off to two decimal places becomes 11.36>) to the nearest tenth
連續的 successive, in a row
平局 tie
兩個數字 two digits
幾何 geometry
坐標 coordinate(a : any of a set of numbers used in specifying the location of a point on a line, on a surface, or in space b : any one of a set of variables used in specifying the state of a substance or the motion of a particle or momentum)
橫坐標 abscissa(the horizontal coordinate of a point in a plane Cartesian coordinate system obtained by measuring parallel to the x-axis)
縱坐標 ordinate(the Cartesian coordinate obtained by measuring parallel to the y-axis）
解析幾何 coordinate geometry
斜率 slope
y軸截距 y-intercept
數軸 number lines
象限 quadrant
角度 degree
銳角 acute(characterized by sharpness or severity ) angle
直角 right angle
鈍角 obtuse(not pointed or acute ) angle
頂角 vertex(vertices) angle
平角 straight angle
平分 bisect
角平分線 angle bisector(e that bisects especially : a straight line that bisects an angle or a line segment)
正北方 due(DIRECTLY, EXACTLY) north
長度 length
高度 altitude, height
大小，維度 dimension( a (1) : measure in one direction specifically : one of three coordinates determining a position in space or four coordinates determining a position in space and time (2) : one of a group of properties whose number is necessary and sufficient to determine uniquely each element of a system of usually mathematical entities (as an aggregate of points in real or abstract space) <the surface of a sphere has two dimensions> also : a parameter or coordinate variable assigned to such a property <the three dimensions of momentum> (3) : the number of elements in a basis of a vector space b : the quality of spatial extension : MAGNITUDE, SIZE c : a lifelike or realistic quality d : the range over which or the degree to which something extends : SCOPE ― usually used in plural e : one of the elements or factors making up a complete personality or entity : ASPECT)
周長 perimeter(a : the boundary of a closed plane figure b : the length of a perimeter )
面積 area
距離 distance
直線 line
線段 segment(the finite part of a line between two points in the line)
中點 mid point
相交 intersect(to meet and cross at a point )
平行線 parallel lines
垂直線 perpendicular(a : standing at right angles to the plane of the horizon : exactly upright b : being at right angles to a given line or plane) lines
弧 arc(degree measurement on the circumference of a circle ― used especially in the phrase of arc <11 minutes 3 seconds of arc>)
弧度（弧長/半徑） radian(a unit of plane angular measurement that is equal to the angle at the center of a circle subtended by an arc whose length equals the radius or approximately 57.3 degrees)
中心 center
圓 circle
圓周長 circumference( the perimeter of a circle )
半徑 radius( a line segment extending from the center of a circle or sphere to the circumference or bounding surface )
直徑 diameter(the length of a straight line through the center of an object )
內切 inscribe(to draw within a figure so as to touch in as many places as possible )
外接 circumscribe(a : to draw a line around b : to surround by or as if by a boundary )
切線 tangent(meeting a curve or surface in a single point if a sufficiently small interval is considered )
順時針 clockwise
逆時針 counterclockwise（in a direction opposite to that in which the hands of a clock rotate as viewed from in front）
同心圓 concentric (having a common center)circle
對角線 diagonal( joining two vertices of a rectilinear figure that are nonadjacent or two vertices of a polyhedral figure that are not in the same face)
三角形 triangle
直角三角形 right triangle
斜邊 hypotenuse(the side of a right-angled triangle that is opposite the right angle)
等腰三角形 isosceles(having two equal sides ) triangle
等邊三角形 equilateral( having all sides equal ) triangle
三角形的中線 median of a triangle
四邊形 quadrilateral(a polygon of four sides)
平行四邊形 parallelogram(a quadrilateral with opposite sides parallel and equal)
長方形 rectangle
正方形 square
梯形 trapezoid
五邊形 pentagon(a polygon of five angles and five sides)
六邊形 hexagon(a polygon of six angles and six sides)
八邊形 octagon(a polygon of eight angles and eight sides)
十邊形 decagon(a plane polygon of 10 angles and 10 sides)
多邊形 polygon
正多邊形 regular polygon
全等的 congruent(congruous,being in agreement, harmony, or correspondence)
面 face
邊 side
平面 plane
交疊 overlap(to extend over or past and cover a part of )
正方體 cube
長方體 rectangular solid
圓柱 cylinder（the surface traced by a straight line moving parallel to a fixed straight line and intersecting a fixed planar closed curve ）
圓錐 cone
球 sphere
表面積 surface area
體積 volume