古詩詞大全網 - 漢語詞典 - 07英漢翻譯八大操作策略之順勢斷句

07英漢翻譯八大操作策略之順勢斷句

“順勢”主要是指譯者要把握好全句的語義宏觀結構,理順全句各部分之間的關系。“斷句”要符合邏輯語義關系,比如因果關系、對比關系、遞進關系、條件關系等。這個操作的關鍵,在於斷要斷得恰到好處。實際上,順勢斷句是通過兩個斷句成分相互換位、個詞微調、加字減字等手段將原文的各個成分有機地串起來。

 例如:

 Premier pledged to reform a political system // that sometimes looks as if it were geared more to raising money // than solving problems.

 首相決心改革壹種政治制度。這個制度有時看來似乎只適合搞搞籌款那壹套,而不解決實際問題。

 Today's teachers know // they have to make lessons fast-moving and entertaining // for children raised on television and computer games.

 今天的教師懂得,他們給孩子們上課節奏要快,而且還要有情趣,因為這些孩子是在看電視和玩電腦遊戲的環境中長大的。

 註釋:①孩子重復使用;②children raised on television…譯成主謂結構的小句;過去分詞的被動意義譯成主動句。

 Despite this backwardness in the communications // — or perhaps because of it — // China hopes to leapfrog into the digital era // by bypassing many of the costly transitional technologies // that industrial nations are now seeking to replace with more advanced digital systems.

 盡管中國的通訊落後,或者說正是由於這種落後,中國希望跳躍式地進入通訊數字顯示時代,壹下子越過耗資巨大的過渡技術階段。這個過渡技術,工業化國家正在尋找用更先進的數字顯示系統取而代之。

 *The super-national character of scientific concepts and scientific language is due to the fact that they have been set up by the best brains of all countries and all times.

 結構分析:句子的框架是The super-national character of scientific.is due to the fact that they have been.that引導同位語從句,作fact的同位語。brain有多種解釋,在此句中意為“人才”。

 參考譯文:科學概念和科學語言的超國界特性是由於它們是由各國秀的人才經歷了不同時期而被確立的。

 *.You either have science or you don' t, and if you have it you are obliged to accept the surprising and disturbing pieces of information,along with the neat and promptly useful bits.

 結構分析:句子框架是You either have science or you don't,and.you are obliged to accept the.pieces of information.and連接兩個並列句。前面分句補充完整為you either have science or you don't have science;其中either.or.結構譯成“要麽……,要麽……”。後面分句中有if引導的條件狀語從句,此從句中的此代指前面提到的 science.bit原意為“(二進制)位;比特”,此處引申為“數據傳輔”。

 *That both houses of the Swiss parliament have come down against the genetics is comforting,but there may be a gap between the views and knowledge of politicians and that of the general public-only the public poll will tell.

 結構分析:句子框架是That.is comforting,but there may be gap.but連接兩個並列分句。前壹個並列分句中有that引導的主語從句;後壹個並列分句為there be句型,其中指示代詞that代指前面提到的the views and knowledge,以避免重復。house這裏譯為“議院”;come down against…意為“做出決定不做(某事)”,還可以轉譯為“否定”。

 參考譯文:瑞士國會兩院壹致否認遺傳學研究,這壹點令人安慰。但是政治家的觀點和認識與公眾的觀點和認識之間會存在隔閡――只有全民投票可以明斷了(說清楚)。