新西蘭（英語：New Zealand），又譯紐西蘭，又稱奧特亞羅瓦（毛利語：Aotearoa），是位於太平洋西南部的壹個島嶼國家，首都為惠靈頓，但最大的城市為奧克蘭都會區。新西蘭主要由兩大島嶼組成，即北島（Te Ika-a-Māui[7]）和南島（Te Waipounamu[7]），兩島以庫克海峽分隔，首都惠靈頓即位於北島末端處，除此之外還包含了壹些其他小的島嶼。
新西蘭與澳大利亞隔塔斯曼海相望，距離澳大利亞東海岸約1500公裏，與南太平洋群島的新喀裏多尼亞、湯加和斐濟相隔大約1000公裏，所以特殊的地理位置使得新西蘭成為最後幾個被人類聚居的地區之壹，也因為人口都是以歐洲裔移民為主，是少數不位於歐洲的白人國家。野生生物由於長時間的與世隔離，新西蘭發展出了與眾不同且具有多樣性的生態環境。由於陸地構造隆升（Tectonicuplift）及火山噴發，新西蘭地形多變，南阿爾卑斯山脈縱貫南島中西部。新西蘭風景優美，氣候宜人，旅遊勝地遍布。在2014年聯合國開發計劃署公布的人類發展指數報告中，新西蘭排名全球第7位。
New Zealand is an island nation in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. The country geographically comprises two main landmasses—the North Island (or Te Ika-a-Māui), and the South Island (or Te Waipounamu)—and around 600 smaller islands. New Zealand is situated some 1,500 kilometres (900 mi) east of Australia across the Tasman Sea and roughly 1,000 kilometres (600 mi) south of the Pacific island areas of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga.
Because of its remoteness, it was one of the last lands to be settledby humans. During its long period of isolation, New Zealand developed adistinct biodiversity of animal, fungal and plant life. The country's varied topography and its sharp mountain peaks, such as the Southern Alps, owe much to the tectonic uplift of land and volcanic eruptions. New Zealand's capital city is Wellington, while its most populous city is Auckland.
New Zealand is a developed country and ranks highlyin international comparisons of national performance, such as health,education, economic freedom and quality of life. Since the 1980s, NewZealand has transformed from an agrarian, regulated economy to a market economy. Nationally, legislative authority is vested in an elected, unicameral Parliament, while executive political power is exercised by the Cabinet, led by the Prime Minister, who is currently Bill English. Queen Elizabeth II is the country's head of state and is represented by a governorgeneral, currently Dame Patsy Reddy. In addition, New Zealand is organised into 11 regional councils and 67 territorial authorities for local government purposes.