對於多數人來說,在學習和獵取知識之間進行區分,是相當困難的。通過經驗、閱讀、聆聽,大腦積累知識,這是獵取知識並向已知倉庫做加法的過程,大腦就是運轉於知識的背景之上。我們通常所說的學習,就是獲取新信息,向已知倉庫做加法的過程。但我所說的學習則截然不同,我不是指為學日增;只有不再執著於過去,不再執著於知識,換言之,當妳看到新事物,不再用已知來做詮釋的時候,妳才能真正地學習。
處於學習境界的心靈,是純真的;而僅僅獵取知識的心靈,則被過去所腐化,因而是陳舊的、停滯的。純真的心靈,能夠當下覺知萬物,每時每刻處於敏銳的學習狀態,不做知識加法,唯有這樣的心靈,才是成熟的。
——克裏希那穆提《生命書:365觀心日課》(The Book of Life: Daily Meditations with Krishnamurti)
There is no movement of learning when there is the acquisition of knowledge; the two are incompatible, they are contradictory. The movement of learning implies a state in which the mind has no previous experience stored up as knowledge. Knowledge is acquired, whereas learning is a constant movement which is not an additive or acquisitive process; therefore, the movement of learning implies a state in which the mind has no authority. All knowledge assumes authority, and a mind that is entrenched in the authority of knowledge cannot possibly learn. The mind can learn only when the additive process has completely ceased.
It is rather difficult for most of us to differentiate between learning and acquiring knowledge. Through experience, through reading, through listening, the mind accumulates knowledge; it is an acquisitive process, a process of adding to what is already known, and from this background of knowledge we function. Now, what we generally call learning is this very same process of acquiring new information and adding it to the store of knowledge we already have…. But I am talking about something entirely different. By learning I do not mean adding to what you already know. You can learn only when there is no attachment to the past as knowledge, that is, when you see something new and do not translate it in terms of the known.
The mind that is learning is an innocent mind, whereas the mind that is merely acquiring knowledge is old, stagnant, corrupted by the past. An innocent mind perceives instantly; it is learning all the time without accumulating, and such a mind alone is mature.
SEPTEMBER 21