看到這個問題,我特意跑去查看了我的英語筆記,現在把它總結壹下,分享給妳,希望對妳有幫助。~
成語的英譯策略
直譯意譯套譯法加註法①直譯: 在不違背譯文語言規範、不引起錯誤聯想的前提下,譯者在英譯漢語成語時可以采用直譯法
1)相同的成語:
來得容易,去得快Easy come,easy go
趁熱打鐵strike while the iron is hot.
2)相近似的成語:
揮金如土spend money like water
破釜沈舟burn one's boats(都源於軍事家的策略)
3)隱含意義很明顯的成語:
雪中送炭to offer fuel in snowy weather
壹人得道,雞犬升天even the dog swaggers when its master win favour
②意譯:意漢語成語具有的民族文化特色在很多情況下載譯語中難以用直譯法再現,為了確保譯文讀者準確理解成語的意義,我們常常采用意譯手法
不測風雲Something unexpected may happen any time
開門見山 come straight to the point
③套澤法:套套用譯語中某個與漢語成語相似的成語來進行翻譯的方法)
1)兩個成語的字面意義和蘊含意義基本壹致
渾水摸魚 fish in troubled water
2) 兩個成語的比喻形象有所差異,但比喻意譯基本壹致。
笑掉大牙 laugh off one's head
4.加註法(在譯文中添加讀者理解成語所需的文化信息和背景知識,其特點在於技能保留成語的比喻形象和文化蘊含,又能確保譯文容易為譯語讀者所理解接受)
東施效顰 Dongshi imitating Xishi, (Xishi was a famous beauty in the accident kingdom of Yue)
四、結語
通過對以上四字格成語的學習,我們得出,四字格不能簡單的采用直譯的方法進行翻譯,而使應該采取更多元化的方法去翻譯出更符合英語習慣的四字格成語,同時在中文上也更加貼近四字格成語所包含的內容。
例題
1.愛屋及烏 Love me, love my dog.
2.百聞不如壹見 (眼見為實)Seeing is believing.
3.比上不足比下有余 worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst.
4.笨鳥先飛 A slow sparrow should make an early start.
5.不眠之夜 white night
6.不以物喜不以己悲 not pleased by external gains, not saddened by personal losses
7.不遺余力 spare no effort; go all out; do one's best
8.不打不成交 No discord, no concord.
9.拆東墻補西墻 rob Peter to pay Paul
10.辭舊迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new; ring out the old year and ring in the new
11.大事化小,小事化了 try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all
12.大開眼界 open one's eyes; broaden one's horizon; be an eye-opener
13.國泰民安 The country flourishes and people live in peace
14.過猶不及 going too far is as bad as not going far enough; beyond is as wrong as falling short; too much is as bad as too little
15.功夫不負有心人 Everything comes to him who waits.
16.好了傷疤忘了疼 once on shore, one prays no more
17.好事不出門惡事傳千裏 Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread far and wide.
18.和氣生財 Harmony brings wealth.
19.活到老學到老 One is never too old to learn.
20.既往不咎 let bygones be bygones
21.金無足赤,人無完人 Gold can't be pure and man can't be perfect.
22.金玉滿堂 Treasures fill the home.
23.腳踏實地 be down-to-earth
24.腳踩兩只船 sit on the fence
25.君子之交淡如水 the friendship between gentlemen is as pure as crystal; a hedge between keeps friendship green
26.老生常談,陳詞濫調 cut and dried, cliché,stereotype
27.禮尚往來 Courtesy calls for reciprocity.
28.留得青山在,不怕沒柴燒 Where there is life, there is hope.
29.馬到成功 achieve immediate victory; win instant success
30.名利雙收 gain in both fame and wealth