浮遊植物所含的不飽和脂肪酸是測定其作為食物質量的指標，並在浮遊植物向浮遊動物及其它動物能量轉化過程中起著關鍵的作用，必需不飽和脂肪酸的缺乏有利於水華的形成。球形棕囊藻(Phaeocystis globosa)和銅綠微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)分別是常見的海洋和淡水水華藻類，該文分析了它們在不同生長期的脂肪酸組成，探討了這兩種藻類的脂肪酸組成特征。球形棕囊藻和銅綠微囊藻的脂肪酸碳鏈長為14～20個碳原子，脂肪酸種類組成都比較簡單，以飽和脂肪酸為主，未檢測到二十碳五烯酸(Eicosapentaenoic acid，EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(Docosa—hexaenoic acid，DHA)等動物的必需脂肪酸。球形棕囊藻的總脂肪酸含量在247．294～735．44μg·g^-1幹重之間，在對數期和延滯期含量最高的脂肪酸分別是C14：0和C16：0；而兩株銅綠微囊藻的總脂肪酸在1405．095～6087．617μg·g^-1幹重之間，以C16：0含量最高。兩株銅綠微囊藻的脂肪酸含量在對數期和延滯期差異明顯(P<0．05)，但球形棕囊藻的脂肪酸含量在不同生長期差別不大。由於缺乏必需脂肪酸EPA和DHA，球形棕囊藻和銅綠微囊藻不能為高營養級的生物提供必需的不飽和脂肪酸，不是浮遊動物等生物的良好食物。因此球形棕囊藻和銅綠微囊藻作為浮遊動物的食物質量較低，浮遊動物對它們的捕食壓力也較小，可能是這兩種藻容易暴發水華的重要原因。
[參考文獻]
[1]AhlgrenG, Gustafsson IB, Boberg M (1992). Fatty acid content and chemical composition of freshwater microalgae. Journal of Phycology, 28, 37- 50.
[2]Al-Hasan RH, Ali AM, Radwan SS (1990). Lipids, and their constituent fatty acids, ofPhaeocystis sp. from the Arabian Gulf.Marine Biology, 105, 9- 14.
[3]Ami BA, Tomabene TG, Thomos WH (1985). Chemical profile of selected species of microalgae with emphasis on lipids. Journal of Phycology, 21,72 - 81.
[4]Brett MT, Muller-Navarra DC (1997). The role of highly unsaturated fatty acids in aquatic foodweb processes. Freshwater Biology,38, 483 - 499.
[5]Cao JX(曹吉祥),Li DS(李德尚),Wang JQ(王金秋)(1997). Studies on biochemical composition of 10 species of common freshwater phytoplankton. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni(中山大學學報(自然科學版)),36,22 - 27. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[6]ChenLF(陳麗芬) ZhangQ(章群) XuZN(許忠能) LiuNN(劉寧寧) HuR(胡韌).Thetaxonomy of Phaeocystis[J].Ecologic Science(生態科學),2003,22:93-94.
[7]ChenYW(陳宇煒) GaoXY(高錫雲) ChenWM(陳偉民) QinBQ(秦伯強).Growth characters and pure culture of Microcystis from TaihuLake[J].Journal of Lake Sciences(湖泊科學),1999,11:351-356.
[8]Gugger M, Lyra C, Suominen Ⅰ, Sitko TI, Fumbert HJ, SalkinojaSalonen MS, Sivonen K (2002). Cellular fatty acids as chemotaxonomic markers of the genera Anabaena, Aphanizomenon, Microcystis, Nostoc and Planktothrix (cyanobacteria). International Journal of Systematicsatic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 52,1007- 1015.
[9]Guillard RRL, Ryther JH (1962). Studies of marine planktonic diatoms. Ⅰ. Cyclotella nana hustedt and detonula confervacea(Cleve). Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 8, 229 - 239.
[10]HeJW(何家菀) ShiZX(施之新) ZhangYH(張銀華) LiuYD(劉永定) JiangTJ(江天久) YinYW(尹伊偉) QiYZ(齊雨藻).Morphological characteristics and toxins of Phaeocystis cf. Pouchetii （ Prymnesiophyceae ）[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica(海洋與湖沼),1999,30:172-179.